V.H. Apelian's Blog

V.H. Apelian's Blog

Thursday, August 21, 2025

Remembering: Frank Caprio, Eric Bogosian, and Bedros Tourian

Vaհe Apelian

Bedros Tourian's gravesite, Judge Frank Caprio, author Eric Bobosian, poet Bedros Tourian 

I read that Judge Frank Caprio first revealed his cancer diagnosis in late 2023. He told his viewers he was undergoing treatment in Rhode Island and Boston. True to character, he remained open and optimistic throughout the journey, often sharing updates and thanking his supporters for their encouragement.

Even in his final hours, he did just that. He recorded a short but emotional Instagram video from his hospital bed, asking followers to keep him in their thoughts. He said from his hospital bed: “Last year I asked you to pray for me, and it’s very obvious that you did, because I came through a very difficult period,” Caprio said in the clip. “Unfortunately, I’ve had a setback. I’m back in the hospital. Now, I’m coming to you again and asking you to remember me in your prayers once more.”

Judge Caprio’s last recording from his hospital bed asking to be remembered reminded me of the last passage of Eric Bogosian’s book “Operation Nemesis”.  The last paragraph, writing from my recollection, had nothing to do with Soghomon Tehlirian and of the “Operation Nemesis”.  It may be that his last paragraph had more to do with his grandfather who fired his imagination. The “Operation Nemesis” book took seven years of his life to write and it was his gift to his grandfather. He concluded he conclude the book saying, I quote:

 “We come into this world with nothing and we leave with nothing. We all know, either implicitly or explicitly, that all we really have is our place in the memories of others. We exist to the degree that we know and remember one another; even the most isolated among us. We share a collective understanding that we are all part of a greater whole”.

Judge Caprio’s last recording from his hospital bed asking to be remembered also reminded me of the young Armenian poet Bedros Tourian (1.6.1851 – 2.2.1872), who died at the age of 21. He reflected on his dying in his poem title “My Death”. In the last paragraph of the poem (read the poem below), he wrote:

But when my grave forgotten shall remain

In some dim nook, neglected and passed by,

When from the world my memory fades away,

That is the time when I indeed shall die!

Bedros Tourian was also a playwright and had the plays he wrote staged, but he remains the eminent poet. As a poet, all in all, 39 poems have survived from Bedros Tourian and there is no documentary evidence that he wrote more, and the rest were lost. Of those 39 poems, 26 were written during the last two years of his life. The plays he wrote are all forgotten but Bedros Tourian remains remembered to this day, mostly for the 39 poems he wrote.

Robert Haddejian, the dean of the Armenian journalists and a literary icon in his own right noted that when Levon Der Bedrossian, as the newly nationally elected first president of Armenia, paid a visit to Istanbul, the only request he had for an unscheduled event was visiting Bedros Tourian's tomb and pay homage to the young poet as his homage to all the Armenians buried in the famous Armenian cemetery in Üsküdar, Istanbul. Robert Haddejian claims that Bedros Tourian's tomb remains the most popular visitation site for Armenians visiting Istanbul. 

Alice Stone Blackwell (September 14, 1857 – March 15, 1950) translated Bedros Tourian’s poems into English. Her translation of the poem "My Death" is posted below.  

 MY DEATH

WHEN Death’s pale angel stands before my face?

With smile unfathomable, stern and chill,

And when my sorrows with my soul exhale,

Know yet, my friends, that I am living still.

 

When at my head a waxen taper slim

With its cold rays the silent room shall fill,

A taper with a face that speaks of death,

Yet know, my friends, that I am living still.

 

When, with my forehead glittering with tears,

They in a shroud enfold me, cold and chill

As any stone, and lay me on a bier,

Yet know, my friends, that I am living still.

 

When the sad bell shall toll—that bell, the laugh

Of cruel Death, which wakes an icy thrill—

And when my bier is slowly borne along,

Yet know, my friends, that I am living still.

 

When the death-chanting priests, dark browed, austere,

With incense and with prayers the air shall fill,

Rising together as they, pass along,

Yet know, my friends, that I am living still.

 

When they have set my tomb in order fair,

And when, with bitter sobs and wailing shrill,

My dear ones from the grave at length depart,

Yet know, my friends, I shall be living still.

 

But when my grave forgotten shall remain

In some dim nook, neglected and passed by,

When from the world my memory fades away,

That is the time when I indeed shall die!

 

 

 

 

Tuesday, August 19, 2025

Don’t Underestimate Lebanon’s Armenians By Araz Bedross and Karni Keushgerian

 “Lebanon’s Armenian community, once over 200,000 strong and now reduced to around 40,000–60,000, faces steep challenges due to emigration, Lebanon’s economic collapse, the 2020 Beirut port explosion, and regional geopolitical shifts. Despite their historic contributions to Lebanon in trade, culture, and education, and their role in preserving the Western Armenian language and identity, the community is weakened by a youth exodus and institutional decline. The authors argue that greater support from Armenia is vital—through funding for schools, cultural centers, businesses, and exchange programs—while Lebanese Armenian institutions themselves must modernize to remain relevant to younger generations. With coordinated external assistance and internal reform, the authors believe Lebanese Armenians can continue serving as a cultural anchor in Lebanon.” Hratch Tchilingirian (Facebook, August 19, 2025)

The article: Don’t Underestimate Lebanon’s ArmeniansThe community’s contributions to Armenia should encourage greater assistance from Yerevan.By Araz Bedross and Karni KeushgerianPublished on July 21, 2025

https://carnegieendowment.org/middle-east/diwan/2025/07/dont-underestimate-lebanons-armenians?lang=en


 


 

Hovhannes Tumanyan: Toast to the virgins

Vaհe  H Apelian

Hovhannes Tumanyan is endearingly referred to as the “All-Armenian Poet”. He is known for hosting in his fourth-floor house in Tiblisi, Georgia, social gatherings of who’s who in the Armenian world. His house came to known as the "vernatun" (vernadoun), that is to say the upper floor. The term has entered in the Armenian lexicon for informal get together of those who matter.

The vernatun (vernadoun) existed for a number of years. The gathering became the cornerstone of the "Caucasian Society of Armenian Writers", which was founded in 1922, with Hovhannes Toumanian as its president.

The following anecdote, in translation,  pertains to such a gathering. 

«Once, at one of the usual dinners at Hovhannes. Tumanyan's house, a group of writers and other intellectuals - teachers, doctors, lawyers, etc. - were present. Bishop Mesrop (note: Mesrop (baptismal name: Parsadan) Vardan Ter-Movsisyan (May 7, 1865, Shikahogh, Armenia - June 3, 1939[1], Yerevan, Armenian SSR, USSR), a master of Armenian philology), who was personally close to Tumanyan, was also present. Among the household members at the table was also Mrs. Tumanyan with her two eldest children, Mushegh and Miss Ashkhen.

The toastmaster, of course, was Hovhannes Tumanyan.

It so happened that Tumanyan divided the attendees into pairs and proposed a toast to each of the attendees in pairs.

-Let's drink a toast to our two novelists, Shirvan (Shirvanzade) and Avetis (Aharonian)... And this is a toast to our two poets, Avo (Isahakyan) and Derenik (Demirchyan)... And this is a toast to our two doctors...

Thus one by one, everyone present was toasted, except Bishop Mesrob. 

Tumanyan stood up with his glass in hand. The same question arose in the minds of everyone present: how would Tumanyan pair Bishop Mesrop who was the only celibate at the table?

The clever Tumanyan had certainly had already figured a way out. But what was that way out? We were all impatient to know.

-Now the toast to our pontiff remains, - said Tumanyan and glanced quickly at Bishop Mesrop, and then at his eldest daughter, the young lady Ashkhen.

-I propose to drink this glass as a toast to the two virgins sitting at the table with us, Bishop Mesrop and my Ashkhen...

Although Bishop Mesrop blushed, he laughed heartily and heartily with the others.»

The picture of the painting posted below  is the artist’s rendering of some of the notables in Armenian history who met in Hovhannes Tumanyan’s house. Not all who attended the get together in the Tumanyan’s upper floor apartment were always men of letters. It is claimed that General Antranig attended also whenever he was in Tbilisi. It is also said that he was a superb raconteur and mesmerized his audience.

The following are depicted in the painting.

1. ԱԼԵՔՍԱՆԴՐ ՍՊԵՆԴԻԱՐՅԱՆ (ALEXANDER SPENDIARYAN)

Born on November 1, 1871 in Kakhovka, Ukraine

Died on May 7, 1928 in Yerevan, Armenia

Alexander Afanasyevich Spendiaranov was a Russian and Soviet composer, conductor, founder of Armenian national symphonic music. 

2. ԱԼԵՔՍԱՆԴՐ ՇԻՐՎԱՆԶԱԴԵ (ALEXANDER SHIRVANZADE)

Born on April 18, 1858 in Sirvan, Azerbaijan

Died on August 7, 1936, Kislovodsk, Russia

Alexander Movsisian, better known by his pen name Alexander Shirvanzade, was  an Armenian playwright and novelist.

3. ԳևՈՐԳ ԲԱՇԻՆՋԱՂՅԱՆ (GEVORG PASHINJAGHIAN)

Born on  October 28, 1857 in Sighnaghi, Georgia

Died on October 4, 1925 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was an Armenian painter who had a significant influence  on Armenian landscape painting.

4. ՎԱՀԱՆ ՏԵՐՅԱՆ (VAHAN TERIAN)

Born on January 28, 1885 in Tiflis Governorate

Died on January 7, 1920 in Orenburg, Russia

Was an Armenian poet, lyrist, and public activist. He is known for hos sorrowful, romantic poems, the most famous of which are still read and sung in their musical versions.

5. ՂԱԶԱՐՈՍ ԱՂԱՅԱՆ (GHAZAROS AGHAYAN) 

Born on  April 4, 1840 in Tiflis Governorate

Died on July 20, 1911 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was an Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure.

6. ԴԵՐԵՆԻԿ ԴԵՄԻՐՃՅԱՆ (TERENIG DEMIRCHIAN) 

Born on February 6, 1877 in Tbilisi

Died on December 6, 1936 in Yerevan.

He was an Armenian writer, novelist, poet, translator, and playwright

7.ՊԵՏՐՈՍ ԱԴԱՄՅԱՆ (BEDROS ADAMIAN)

Born on 1849, Constantinople (Istanbul), Ottoman Empire

Died on June 3, 1891, Constantinople (Istanbul), Ottoman Empire

He was an outstanding Armenian actor, poet, artist and pubic figure. According to Russian critics his interpretation of Hamlet and Othello put Adamian’s name among the best tragedians of the world.

8. ՎԱՐԴԳԵՍ ՍՈՒՐԵՆՅԱՆՑ (VARTGES SURENIANTS)

Born on February 27, 1860 Akhaltsikhe, Georgia

Died on April 6, 1921, Yalta

He was an Armenian painter, sculptor, illustrator, translator, art critic , and theater artist. He is considered the founder of Armenian historical painting. His paintings feature scenes from Armenian fairy-tales and various historical events.

9. ՄԱՐՏԻՐՈՍ ՍԱՐՅԱՆ (MARDIROS SARIAN) 

Born on February 28, 1880 in Nakhichevan-on-Don, Russia

Died on May 5, 1972 in Yerevan, Armenia 

He was an Armenian painter, the founder of modern Armenian national school of painting.

10. ԵՂԻՇԵ ԹԱԴևՈՍՅԱՆ, (YEGHISH TATIOSSIAN)  (1870-1936)

Born on September 14, 1870, in Vagharshabad (Armenia) 

Died on January 27, 1936,  in Tblisi, Georgia 

He was a famous Armenian landscape painter. This year (1920) the Armenian government celebrated the 150the anniversary of his birth.

11. ԿՈՄԻՏԱՍ (KOMIDAS) 

Born on October 8 1869 in Kutahya, Turkey 

Died on October 22 , 1935 Villejuif, France

He was an Armenian priest, musicologist, composer, arranger, singer and choirmaster who is considered the founder of the Armenian national school of music. He is recognized as the one of the pioneers of the ethnomusicology.

12. ՍՏԵՓԱՆ ԼԻՍԻՑՅԱՆ (STEPAN LISITSYAN)

Born on October 4, 1865, Tbilisi, Georgia

Died on January 4, 1947, Yerevan, Armenia 

He was an Armenian historian, translator, pet an public figure.

13. Ավետիք Իսահակյան (AVETIK ISAHAKYAN) 

Born on October 30, 1875 in Gyumri, Armenia

Died on October 17, 1957 in Yerevan, Armenia

He was a prominent Armenian lyric poet, writer, and public activist.

14. ՀԱԿՈԲ ՀԱԿՈԲՅԱՆ (HAKOB HAKOBYAN)

He was born on May 29, 1866, in Tblisi

Died on December 13, 1937 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was a poet, translator and an influential writer. 

15. ՀՈՎՀԱՆՆԵՍ ԹՈՒՄԱՆՅԱՆ (HOVHANNES TOUMANYAN) 

Born on February 10, 1869, Lori Province, Armenia

Died on March 23, 1928 in Moscow, Russia

He was an Armenian poet, writer, translator, and literary and public activist. He is the national poet of Armenia. Tumanyan wrote poems, quatrains, ballads, novels, fables, and critics and journalistic articles.


Note: I would like to thank Paris Erganian for noting my error and correcting the biographical information about Hagob Hagobyan/Hagop Hagopian), 10/21/2021 

Hovhannes Tumanyan toasting: An anecdote

 Vaհe  H Apelian

Hovhannes Tumanyan is endearingly referred to as the “All-Armenian Poet”. He is known for hosting in his fourth-floor house in Tiblisi, Georgia, social gatherings of who’s who in the Armenian world. His house came to known as the "vernatun" (vernadoun), that is to say the upper floor. The term has entered in the Armenian lexicon for informal get together of those who matter.

The vernatun (vernadoun) existed for a number of years. The gathering became the cornerstone of the "Caucasian Society of Armenian Writers", which was founded in 1922, with Hovhannes Toumanian as its president.

The following anecdote, in translation,  pertains to such a gathering. 

«Once, at one of the usual dinners at Hovhannes. Tumanyan's house, a group of writers and other intellectuals - teachers, doctors, lawyers, etc. - were present. Bishop Mesrop (note: Mesrop (baptismal name: Parsadan) Vardan Ter-Movsisyan (May 7, 1865, Shikahogh, Armenia - June 3, 1939[1], Yerevan, Armenian SSR, USSR), a master of Armenian philology), who was personally close to Tumanyan, was also present. Among the household members at the table was also Mrs. Tumanyan with her two eldest children, Mushegh and Miss Ashkhen.

The toastmaster, of course, was Hovhannes Tumanyan.

It so happened that Tumanyan divided the attendees into pairs and proposed a toast to each of the attendees in pairs.

-Let's drink a toast to our two novelists, Shirvan (Shirvanzade) and Avetis (Aharonian)... And this is a toast to our two poets, Avo (Isahakyan) and Derenik (Demirchyan)... And this is a toast to our two doctors...

Thus one by one, everyone present was toasted, except Bishop Mesrob. 

Tumanyan stood up with his glass in hand. The same question arose in the minds of everyone present: how would Tumanyan pair Bishop Mesrop who was the only celibate at the table?

The clever Tumanyan had certainly had already figured a way out. But what was that way out? We were all impatient to know.

-Now the toast to our pontiff remains, - said Tumanyan and glanced quickly at Bishop Mesrop, and then at his eldest daughter, the young lady Ashkhen.

-I propose to drink this glass as a toast to the two virgins sitting at the table with us, Bishop Mesrop and my Ashkhen...

Although Bishop Mesrop blushed, he laughed heartily and heartily with the others.»

The picture of the painting posted below  is the artist’s rendering of some of the notables in Armenian history who met in Hovhannes Tumanyan’s house. Not all who attended the get together in the Tumanyan’s upper floor apartment were always men of letters. It is claimed that General Antranig attended also whenever he was in Tbilisi. It is also said that he was a superb raconteur and mesmerized his audience.

The following are depicted in the painting.

1. ԱԼԵՔՍԱՆԴՐ ՍՊԵՆԴԻԱՐՅԱՆ (ALEXANDER SPENDIARYAN)

Born on November 1, 1871 in Kakhovka, Ukraine

Died on May 7, 1928 in Yerevan, Armenia

Alexander Afanasyevich Spendiaranov was a Russian and Soviet composer, conductor, founder of Armenian national symphonic music. 

2. ԱԼԵՔՍԱՆԴՐ ՇԻՐՎԱՆԶԱԴԵ (ALEXANDER SHIRVANZADE)

Born on April 18, 1858 in Sirvan, Azerbaijan

Died on August 7, 1936, Kislovodsk, Russia

Alexander Movsisian, better known by his pen name Alexander Shirvanzade, was  an Armenian playwright and novelist.

3. ԳևՈՐԳ ԲԱՇԻՆՋԱՂՅԱՆ (GEVORG PASHINJAGHIAN)

Born on  October 28, 1857 in Sighnaghi, Georgia

Died on October 4, 1925 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was an Armenian painter who had a significant influence  on Armenian landscape painting.

4. ՎԱՀԱՆ ՏԵՐՅԱՆ (VAHAN TERIAN)

Born on January 28, 1885 in Tiflis Governorate

Died on January 7, 1920 in Orenburg, Russia

Was an Armenian poet, lyrist, and public activist. He is known for hos sorrowful, romantic poems, the most famous of which are still read and sung in their musical versions.

5. ՂԱԶԱՐՈՍ ԱՂԱՅԱՆ (GHAZAROS AGHAYAN) 

Born on  April 4, 1840 in Tiflis Governorate

Died on July 20, 1911 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was an Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure.

6. ԴԵՐԵՆԻԿ ԴԵՄԻՐՃՅԱՆ (TERENIG DEMIRCHIAN) 

Born on February 6, 1877 in Tbilisi

Died on December 6, 1936 in Yerevan.

He was an Armenian writer, novelist, poet, translator, and playwright

7.ՊԵՏՐՈՍ ԱԴԱՄՅԱՆ (BEDROS ADAMIAN)

Born on 1849, Constantinople (Istanbul), Ottoman Empire

Died on June 3, 1891, Constantinople (Istanbul), Ottoman Empire

He was an outstanding Armenian actor, poet, artist and pubic figure. According to Russian critics his interpretation of Hamlet and Othello put Adamian’s name among the best tragedians of the world.

8. ՎԱՐԴԳԵՍ ՍՈՒՐԵՆՅԱՆՑ (VARTGES SURENIANTS)

Born on February 27, 1860 Akhaltsikhe, Georgia

Died on April 6, 1921, Yalta

He was an Armenian painter, sculptor, illustrator, translator, art critic , and theater artist. He is considered the founder of Armenian historical painting. His paintings feature scenes from Armenian fairy-tales and various historical events.

9. ՄԱՐՏԻՐՈՍ ՍԱՐՅԱՆ (MARDIROS SARIAN) 

Born on February 28, 1880 in Nakhichevan-on-Don, Russia

Died on May 5, 1972 in Yerevan, Armenia 

He was an Armenian painter, the founder of modern Armenian national school of painting.

10. ԵՂԻՇԵ ԹԱԴևՈՍՅԱՆ, (YEGHISH TATIOSSIAN)  (1870-1936)

Born on September 14, 1870, in Vagharshabad (Armenia) 

Died on January 27, 1936,  in Tblisi, Georgia 

He was a famous Armenian landscape painter. This year (1920) the Armenian government celebrated the 150the anniversary of his birth.

11. ԿՈՄԻՏԱՍ (KOMIDAS) 

Born on October 8 1869 in Kutahya, Turkey 

Died on October 22 , 1935 Villejuif, France

He was an Armenian priest, musicologist, composer, arranger, singer and choirmaster who is considered the founder of the Armenian national school of music. He is recognized as the one of the pioneers of the ethnomusicology.

12. ՍՏԵՓԱՆ ԼԻՍԻՑՅԱՆ (STEPAN LISITSYAN)

Born on October 4, 1865, Tbilisi, Georgia

Died on January 4, 1947, Yerevan, Armenia 

He was an Armenian historian, translator, pet an public figure.

13. Ավետիք Իսահակյան (AVETIK ISAHAKYAN) 

Born on October 30, 1875 in Gyumri, Armenia

Died on October 17, 1957 in Yerevan, Armenia

He was a prominent Armenian lyric poet, writer, and public activist.

14. ՀԱԿՈԲ ՀԱԿՈԲՅԱՆ (HAKOB HAKOBYAN)

He was born on May 29, 1866, in Tblisi

Died on December 13, 1937 in Tbilisi, Georgia

He was a poet, translator and an influential writer. 

15. ՀՈՎՀԱՆՆԵՍ ԹՈՒՄԱՆՅԱՆ (HOVHANNES TOUMANYAN) 

Born on February 10, 1869, Lori Province, Armenia

Died on March 23, 1928 in Moscow, Russia

He was an Armenian poet, writer, translator, and literary and public activist. He is the national poet of Armenia. Tumanyan wrote poems, quatrains, ballads, novels, fables, and critics and journalistic articles.


Note: I would like to thank Paris Erganian for noting my error and correcting the biographical information about Hagob Hagobyan/Hagop Hagopian), 10/21/2021

ՀՄԸՄ-ի Գործունէութիւնը Մայր Հայրենիքի` Հայաստանի Հանրապետութեան Մէջ. 1918-1927

Նոր Գիրքերու Հետ. ՀՄԸՄ-ի Գործունէութիւնը Մայր Հայրենիքի` Հայաստանի Հանրապետութեան Մէջ. 1918-1927 ՝ Հեղինակ Յարութ Չէքիճեան։

Գիրքը՝

https://haroutchekijian.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/d580.d584.d4b8.d584.-d4bb-d4b3d588d590d4bed588d592d586d4b7d588d592d4b9d4bbd592d586d4b8-d584d4b1d585d590-d580d4b1d585d590d4b5d586d4bbd594d4bb-d580d4b1d585d4b1d58dd58fd4b1d586d4bb-d580d4b1-3.pdf

                                                                                    ***

Նոր Գիրքերու Հետ. ՀՄԸՄ-ի Գործունէութիւնը Մայր Հայրենիքի` Հայաստանի Հանրապետութեան Մէջ. 1918-1927 (Հեղինակ Յարութ Չէքիճեան): https://www.aztagdaily.com/archives/657798?fbclid=IwY2xjawMRTMJleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHuVQoVSeDZdovxzIzMY8HOPGkvUEQJVlKPpdsq299tzutoh_GpzxDFEpxtnS_aem_ZfLKk4WVZ1XbM_RIsoVvSA


Monday, August 18, 2025

The relief aid for the nascent republic

 Vaհe H Apelian

The title  of this blog  pertains to the relief aid, the United States of America rendered to the nascent Republic of Armenia at a crucial time of the republic.

Anyone who has read about the founding of the Republic of Armenia in Wikipedia, would have come across the following paragraph: By the time relief aid reached Armenia, some 150,000–180,000 refugees (20 percent of the population) had perished due to famine, exposure, or hunger. According to a report from February 1919, 40 percent of the inhabitants of the district of Sardarapat had died. By April 1919, 40 percent of the inhabitants of eight villages near Etchmiadzin and 25 percent of the sixteen villages in Ashtarak perished. During the winter, the population of the district of Talin declined by 50 percent, and nearly 60 percent of Armenians in Surmalu died of starvation. American historian Richard Pipes writes that Soviet estimates place the number of Armenians who perished due to famine and disease at 300,000. In 1919, 19,000 inhabitants of Yerevan contracted typhus and 10,000 died from exposure, famine, and pestilence. By mid-1919, 200,000 inhabitants of Armenia had perished; according to Hovannisian, there were 8.7 births and 204.2 deaths per 1,000 persons, yielding a net loss of 195.5—"it was verily a land of death". According to the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 192,000 people died due to the typhus epidemic and famine by the summer of 1919.”

What was the relief aid that reached Armenia?  Who provided the relief aid? How did the relief aid get to Armenia?

Given the extraordinarily harsh situation in Armenia, the Armenian government dispatched a delegation to the United States of America headed by the Prime Minister Kachaznouni to solicit aid. The delegation’s efforts were supported by the Armenians in America.  This is what Kachaznouni has said at a reception given in honor of the delegation in New York in December 1919.

At the cost of immense sacrifices, untold sufferings and deprivations, bloody battles and persistent work, the Republic of Armenia has been established today on and around the Ararat Valley.

- Today, it is the Republic of Armenia where we must seek and find our salvation, the fulfillment of our centuries-old desires. This is where the Armenian race must focus all its attention, its mind and soul, all its creative potential.

- The enemy of the Republic is the enemy of Armenians.

- An Armenian who dares to look at the Republic with a critical eye is a traitor to the great Armenian cause.

- To rally, sincerely and unconditionally, around the Republic, to give it strength and vitality - this is the demand of the day, this is the sacred duty of every Armenian.

- The Republic is in a period of organization. It needs goodwill and "effective aid, especially when it is organized in such hellish conditions, the like of which history has perhaps never seen.

-This is the help we have come to seek in distant America." (see note no 1)

How did the Armenian delegation effort pan out? This is wheat Simon Vratsian has written:

«The government’s delegation, the appeals by the government and the support of the Diaspora eventually were heard and aid was quickly dispatched. This time around it was the United States of America, the director of the U.S. Food Administration, Hoover, the one who salvaged Europe after the war, who became the real savior of the people of Armenia. Whatever happens, however we regard America’s role in the Armenian Question, we do not forget nor should we forget the U.S. humanitarian assistance to Armenia and the provisions they provided.   

The first American boat arrived to Batumi on March 21 carrying 125,000 sacks of flour. A week later another shipment of 600,000 sacks of flour arrived. To transport the provision, the American government requested from the Armenian Government 579 train wagons and 14 locomotives at a time when all that the Armenian Government had was 16 locomotives and 520 train wagons. The intervention of the American and the British governments was needed. For four days human traffic over the Armenian rail lines was halted and all facilities were appropriated for the transpiration of the flour only.

With the arrival of the American flour, the famine slowly started receding. The country started to embark on its normal course. The people and the government started to devote themselves towards reconstruction and structuring of the governance.” (Republic of Armenia, 2nd edition, Lebanon).» (see note no. 2)

The rest is history unfolding right in front of this generation interconnected like no time before.  

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Note 1:  Credited to Avo G Boghossian’s posting on his Facebook page on Sunday August, 17, 2025. The quote if form Kachaznouni’s collective writings by ANI Armenian Research Center.

Note: Credited to Garo Armenian’s posting on his Facebook page on February 23, 2019. The quote is from Simon Vratsian’s book “Republic of Armenia”

 


Historically America has been good to Armenia

Vaհe H Apelian

The Armenian delegation to the United States in 1919.Top row (left to right): A. Piralyan, M. Ter-Poghosyan, S. Melikyan, Armen Garo, H. Bonapartyan. Bottom row (left to right): Artashes Enfiajyan, Jaques Bagratuni, Hovhannes Katchaznouni, Andranik Ozanian, A. Der-Hagopian


Historically America has been good to Armenia. 

Anyone who has read about the Republic of Armenia in Wikipedia, would have come across the following paragraph.

“By the time relief aid reached Armenia, some 150,000–180,000 refugees (20 percent of the population) had perished due to famine, exposure, or hunger. According to a report from February 1919, 40 percent of the inhabitants of the district of Sardarapat had died. By April 1919, 40 percent of the inhabitants of eight villages near Etchmiadzin and 25 percent of the sixteen villages in Ashtarak perished. During the winter, the population of the district of Talin declined by 50 percent, and nearly 60 percent of Armenians in Surmalu died of starvation. American historian Richard Pipes writes that Soviet estimates place the number of Armenians who perished due to famine and disease at 300,000. In 1919, 19,000 inhabitants of Yerevan contracted typhus and 10,000 died from exposure, famine, and pestilence. By mid-1919, 200,000 inhabitants of Armenia had perished; according to Hovannisian, there were 8.7 births and 204.2 deaths per 1,000 persons, yielding a net loss of 195.5—"it was verily a land of death". According to the data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 192,000 people died due to the typhus epidemic and famine by the summer of 1919.”

What was the relief aid that reached Armenia?  Who provided the relief aid? How did the relief aid get to Armenia?

Given the extraordinarily harsh situation in Armenia, the Armenian government dispatched a delegation to the United States of America headed by the Prime Minister Kachaznouni to solicit aid. The delegation’s efforts were supported by the Armenians in America.  This is what Kachaznouni has said at a reception given in honor of the delegation in New York in December 1919.

At the cost of immense sacrifices, untold sufferings and deprivations, bloody battles and persistent work, the Republic of Armenia has been established today on and around the Ararat Valley.

- Today, it is the Republic of Armenia where we must seek and find our salvation, the fulfillment of our centuries-old desires. This is where the Armenian race must focus all its attention, its mind and soul, all its creative potential.

- The enemy of the Republic is the enemy of Armenians.

- An Armenian who dares to look at the Republic with a critical eye is a traitor to the great Armenian cause.

- To rally, sincerely and unconditionally, around the Republic, to give it strength and vitality - this is the demand of the day, this is the sacred duty of every Armenian.

- The Republic is in a period of organization. It needs goodwill and "effective aid, especially when it is organized in such hellish conditions, the like of which history has perhaps never seen.

-This is the help we have come to seek in distant America." (see note no 1)

How did the Armenian delegation effort pan out? This is wheat Simon Vratsian has written:

«The government’s delegation, the appeals by the government and the support of the Diaspora eventually were heard and aid was quickly dispatched. This time around it was the United States of America, the director of the U.S. Food Administration, Hoover, the one who salvaged Europe after the war, who became the real savior of the people of Armenia. Whatever happens, however we regard America’s role in the Armenian Question, we do not forget nor should we forget the U.S. humanitarian assistance to Armenia and the provisions they provided.   

The first American boat arrived to Batumi on March 21 carrying 125,000 sacks of flour. A week later another shipment of 600,000 sacks of flour arrived. To transport the provision, the American government requested from the Armenian Government 579 train wagons and 14 locomotives at a time when all that the Armenian Government had was 16 locomotives and 520 train wagons. The intervention of the American and the British governments was needed. For four days human traffic over the Armenian rail lines was halted and all facilities were appropriated for the transpiration of the flour only.

With the arrival of the American flour, the famine slowly started receding. The country started to embark on its normal course. The people and the government started to devote themselves towards reconstruction and structuring of the governance.” (Republic of Armenia, 2nd edition, Lebanon).» (see note no. 2)

The rest is history unfolding right in front of this generation interconnected like no time before.  

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Note 1:  Credited to Avo G Boghossian’s posting on his Facebook page on Sunday August, 17, 2025. The quote if form Kachaznouni’s collective writings by ANI Armenian Research Center.

Note: Credited to Garo Armenian’s posting on his Facebook page on February 23, 2019. The quote is from Simon Vratsian’s book “Republic of Armenia”