V.H. Apelian's Blog

V.H. Apelian's Blog

Tuesday, April 16, 2024

What makes an effective (Armenian) FM

 

Vahe H Apelian

Antony Blinken and Ararat Mirzoyan

It’s fair that I state over again that I am blogger. What I blog is what I would have said, a hookah in my hand and board of backgammon in front of me, seating in a restaurant overlooking the Mediterranean Sea and articulating over the world affairs to friends with me But, there is no Mediterranean Sea where I live, nor backgammon or hookah are as available as they were and most likely still are in Lebanon, and friends were all over. Instead, where I live, there is the Facebook and social media. 

Therefore, please look at the matter with such a perspective as this time, in this blog, I will reflect on what makes an effective Secretary of State of the U.S. or a Foreign minister as is the case for Armenia.

In both cases, it does not have to do much on some highly inordinately specialized skills that the Secretary of State or the FM minister should possess, in order to qualify and assume the mantle of that important position. Naturally, I am not referring to basic criteria, such as good knowledge, good verbal and interpersonal relation skills. These are understood to be mundane for any public job.

In case of the United States, the criteria that makes a Secretary of State effective is that the person has the backing of the most powerful man in the free world, the president of the United States. All those who deal with the Secretary of State would know that what the person says is what the president of the United States wants to implement as a policy. I am not inventing the wheel here. I am simply articulating on what the eminent NY Times columnist Thomas Friedman said, when it came for the United States to have an effective Secretary of State, who is sort of America’s foreign minister.

Here is what Thomas Friedman wrote:

I covered a secretary of state, one of the best, James A. Baker III, for four years, and one of the things I learned during those years was that what made Baker an effective diplomat was not only his own skills as a negotiator, a prerequisite for the job, but the fact that his boss, President George H.W. Bush, always had Baker’s back. When foreign leaders spoke with Baker, they knew that they were speaking to President Bush, and they knew that President Bush would defend Baker from domestic rivals and the machinations of foreign governments.

That backing is the most important requirement for a secretary of state to be effective. Frankly, Obama could appoint his dear mother-in-law as secretary of state, and if he let the world know she was his envoy, she would be more effective than any ex-ambassador who had no relationship with the president.”

The U.S. is an advanced democratic society. Like any democratic country, the U.S. is also not one single voice. But the relations of the opposition, or the minority and the majority or the government, is not as chaotic as it is in Armenia as the latter hones its three decades long democracy at home. Consequently, the Secretary of the State needs not have bi-partisan support at home, let alone the support of the American public as a whole to be effective. But he remains effective as long as he or she enjoys the backing of the president who backs the Secretary of the State “from domestic rivals and the machinations of foreign governments.”

 It is not the same with Armenia, which is a third-rate country, if that. Armenia’s military and political prowess is insignificant on the world scene. Obviously, it does not command the influence the U.S. does. Even if the prime minister Nikol Pashinyan backs his FM minister Ararat Mirzoyan, as he does, the effectiveness of the FM Mirzoyan does not derive from the PMs backing only, but from the from the lock, stock and barrel backing of the public of the country – Armenia - he represents.

Armenia has a cadre of refined diplomats who represent Armenia as ambassadors, FM and what not.  But when persons of prominence in Armenia, such as high placed politically motivated clergy accuse the FM of unilaterally conceding, instead of backing him to stand firm and resolute, they help weaken the FM’s or Armenian delegates’ position across the negotiation table, be it a round table. It would be asinine to think that the Azeris are not gauging the internal cohesion of Armenia and taking advantage of the lack in hardening the Azeri demands, during the negotiations. 

Yeghishe Charents was right when in a coded message he wrote his famous line: “Oh, Armenian people, your only salvation lies in the power of your unity” - «Ով հայ ժողովուրդ, քո միխն փրկութիւնը քո միասնական ուժի մէջ է» - Եղիշէ Չարենց.

Charents was a poet. His vision of the poetic unity he advocated has no place in the political life of a nation. Nor do I subscribe to such romantic notion. What he advocated has no place in the political life of Armenia. But what has place or should have place in the Armenian political life is the compartmentalization of political issues. Churchill faced serious opposition led by Lord Halifax who advocated negotiation with the Nazis, yet joined the Churchill cabinet. Failure of the Armenian FM is the failure of the nation as a whole, although, there will be individuals who will be beneficiaries, but not the Armenian public, even the constituents of the  segment of the Armenian public  who attempted to undermine the PM and thwarted the FM,s initiatives. They may very well end up regretting the realization of what they advocated. I doubt there will be anything benefitial for them as a public.

Armenia is at a cross road. "When you come to a fork, take it", said the wise Yogi Berra. But, take the right fork, I will add. 

  

Sunday, April 14, 2024

What makes an effective (Armenian) FM

Vahe H Apelian

Antony Blinken and Ararat Mirzoyan

It’s fair that I state over again that I am blogger. What I blog is what I would have said, a hookah in my hand and board of backgammon in front of me, seating in a restaurant overlooking the Mediterranean Sea and articulating over the world affairs to friends with me But, there is no Mediterranean Sea where I live, nor backgammon or hookah are as available as they were and most likely still are in Lebanon, and friends were all over. Instead, where I live, there is the Facebook and social media. 

Therefore, please look at the matter with such a perspective as this time, in this blog, I will reflect on what makes an effective Secretary of State of the U.S. or a Foreign minister as is the case for Armenia.

In both cases, it does not have to do much on some highly inordinately specialized skills that the Secretary of State or the FM minister should possess, in order to qualify and assume the mantle of that important position. Naturally, I am not referring to basic criteria, such as good knowledge, good verbal and interpersonal relation skills. These are understood to be mundane for any public job.

In case of the United States, the criteria that makes a Secretary of State effective is that the person has the backing of the most powerful man in the free world, the president of the United States. All those who deal with the Secretary of State would know that what the person says is what the president of the United States wants to implement as a policy. I am not inventing the wheel here. I am simply articulating on what the eminent NY Times columnist Thomas Friedman said, when it came for the United States to have an effective Secretary of State, who is sort of America’s foreign minister.

Here is what Thomas Friedman wrote:

I covered a secretary of state, one of the best, James A. Baker III, for four years, and one of the things I learned during those years was that what made Baker an effective diplomat was not only his own skills as a negotiator, a prerequisite for the job, but the fact that his boss, President George H.W. Bush, always had Baker’s back. When foreign leaders spoke with Baker, they knew that they were speaking to President Bush, and they knew that President Bush would defend Baker from domestic rivals and the machinations of foreign governments.

That backing is the most important requirement for a secretary of state to be effective. Frankly, Obama could appoint his dear mother-in-law as secretary of state, and if he let the world know she was his envoy, she would be more effective than any ex-ambassador who had no relationship with the president.”

The U.S. is an advanced democratic society. Like any democratic country, the U.S. is also not one single voice. But the relations of the opposition, or the minority and the majority or the government, is not as chaotic as it is in Armenia as the latter hones its three decades long democracy at home. Consequently, the Secretary of the State needs not have bi-partisan support at home, let alone the support of the American public as a whole to be effective. But he remains effective as long as he or she enjoys the backing of the president who backs the Secretary of the State “from domestic rivals and the machinations of foreign governments.”

 It is not the same with Armenia, which is a third-rate country, if that. Armenia’s military and political prowess is insignificant on the world scene. Obviously, it does not command the influence the U.S. does. Even if the prime minister Nikol Pashinyan backs his FM minister Ararat Mirzoyan, as he does, the effectiveness of the FM Mirzoyan does not derive from the PMs backing only, but from the from the lock, stock and barrel backing of the public of the country – Armenia - he represents.

Armenia has a cadre of refined diplomats who represent Armenia as ambassadors, FM and what not.  But when persons of prominence in Armenia, such as high placed politically motivated clergy accuse the FM of unilaterally conceding, instead of backing him to stand firm and resolute, they help weaken the FM’s or Armenian delegates’ position across the negotiation table, be it a round table. It would be asinine to think that the Azeris are not gauging the internal cohesion of Armenia and taking advantage of the lack in hardening the Azeri demands, during the negotiations. 

Yeghishe Charents was right when in a coded message he wrote his famous line: “Oh, Armenian people, your only salvation lies in the power of your unity” - «Ով հայ ժողովուրդ, քո միխն փրկութիւնը քո միասնական ուժի մէջ է» - Եղիշէ Չարենց.

Charents was a poet. His vision of the poetic unity he advocated has no place in the political life of a nation. Nor do I subscribe to such romantic notion. What he advocated has no place in the political life of Armenia. But what has place or should have place in the Armenian political life is the compartmentalization of political issues. Churchill faced serious opposition led by Lord Halifax who advocated negotiation with the Nazis, yet joined the Churchill cabinet. Failure of the Armenian FM is the failure of the nation as a whole, although, there will be individuals who will be beneficiaries, but not the Armenian public, even the constituents of the  segment of the Armenian public  who attempted to undermine the PM and thwarted the FM,s initiatives. They may very well end up regretting the realization of what they advocated. I doubt there will be anything benefitial for them as a public.

Armenia is at a cross road. "When you come to a fork, take it", said the wise Yogi Berra. But, take the right fork, I will add. 

  

Այսպէս կրտուած է Հայոց Պատմութիւնը

ԱՅՍՊԷՍ ԿԵՐՏՈՒԱԾ ԿՐՏՈՒԱԾ Է ՀԱՅՈՑ ՊԱՏՄՈՒԹԻՒՆԸ

Վահէ Յ Աբէլեան


ԶԱՐՄԱՆԱԼԻ՝ ԲԱՅՑ ՀԱՅՈՑ ՊԱՏՄՈՒԹԵԱՆ ԻՐԱԿԱՆ ԿԵՐՏՈՒՄ

Բագրատ Սրբազան կ՚ըսէ ՝ «Ճշմարիտ խօսքը Ոսկեպարի Սուրբ Եկեղեցին մեր բնիկ ըլլալու նշան է։»

Անկասկած։

Շուշիի Սուրբ Ամենափրկիչ Ղազանչեցոց մայր տաճարն ալ մեր բնիկ ըլլալու նշանն է։

Բազմաթիւ այլ տաճարներ, վանքեր Թուրքիոյ մէջ մեր բնիկ ըլլալու նշաններն են։

Պարզապէս անիմաստ է այդ ճշմարտութիւննեդը վարչապետին կամ որեւէ հայու ուղղել։

Բագրատ Սրբազանը, Գարեգին Կաթողիկոսը  այդ ճշմարիտ խօտքերը պէտք է Ալէիվին ականջը հասցնեն։ 

Նայինք Ալիյեւը ի՞նչ պիտի ըսէ Բագրատ Սրբազանին եւ Գարեգին կաթողիկոսին։ Հաւանաբար Ալիյեւը հարց տայ՝ քանի՞ հատ վաշտ ունի Գարեգին Բը կամ ալ քանի՞ վաշտերու հրամանատարն է Բագրատ Սրբազանը։

ի՞նչ պիտի ընեն Բագրատ Սրբազանը եւ Գարեգին կաթողիկոսը։

Պարզապէս կը զարմանամ որ այսպիսի պահուն փոխանակ Հայ բանակցողին զորակցելու եւ կողքին զօրավիք կանգնած  ըլլալու, անոր բանակցելու կարողութիւնը զորացնելու համար, Գարեգին Կաթողիկոսը եւ Բագրատ Սբրազանը, եւ թերեւս ալ Առաքելական եկեղեզին Հայ բանակցողին դիրքը նուազեցուցած կըլլան։

Չեմ զարմանար որ Ալիյեւը աւելի բիրտ կեցուացք պիտի ունենայ այս բանակցութիւններուն ընթացքին։ 

Պարց է չէ՞, որ «ապուշ» բանակցողը - նա մանաւանդ Ալիյեւի նման խորամանկ բանակցող մը - այդպէս պիտի չ՚ընէ երբ իր դիմացը, կամ ալ կլոր սեղանին շուրջ, պառակտուած երկրի մը ներկայաւցիչը ունի բանակցելու։ Իսկ այս պարագային պառակտուած Հայաստան-ին եւ անոր կողմէ բանակցութեան եկած ներկայացուցիչին հանդէպ։

Բայց հաւանաբար այսպէս կերտուած ըլլալու է Հայոց Պատմութիւնը։

Թերեւս աւելի ճիշդ պիտի ըլլայ ըսել՝ԱՅՍՊԷՍ ԿՐՏՈՒԱԾ Է ՀԱՅՈՑ ՊԱՏՄՈՒԹԻՒՆԸ։

Note

կրտել ներգործական բայ Որձատել, ներքինացնել, ամորձիքը հանել:

կրտել verb active To castrate.

Saturday, April 13, 2024

Remembering Varujan Pambukhchyan: Armenia is a country without forest

The attached is my abridged translation of Varujan Pambukhchyan’s posting on his Facebook page. Varujan is a native of Armenia and has his own distinctive style of narration and diction presenting a challenge to have it translated while attempting to remain true to his distinct original text,  that is why I attached the original piece in his Armenian writing style. I met and befriended Varujan on the social media and over the years I came to know him as a man who is whole-heartedly devoted to Armenia. Regretfully he unexpectedly passed away on January 15, 2022. Attached a glimpse of his varied interest and writing style. Բնագիրը՝ «Հայաստանն անտառազորկ յէրկիր է» կցուած է ներքեւը. Vahe H. Apelian

Varujan Pambukhchyan


***

Armenia is a country without forest 

Four years ago I researched about the forests in Armenia. The sources of my research made it evident that from Soviet years the most valuable  (native) trees such as Hajareni 1and Gaghni 2, growing in our forests, were being cut on a very large scale.
It is true that during the Soviet years extended forestation work was being done but even then the forests of Armenian were showing sign of being near to death. The thing is that the forest is a self-sustaining organism and everything is intimately tied together. From Soviet times, our forests already were losing their self-sustenance because, so to speak, the birthing and the dying process was forfeited in favor of the dying.
When the Artsakh movement started, the Baku-Tiflis-Yerevan railroad that brought to Armenia 75% of the goods from outside, was shut down. As an unavoidable outcome, the massive importation of timber from Russia ended.
When the Artsakh movement became Artsakh war and the encirclement became a reality, the real massacre, slaughter, butchery, and genocide (of the forests) started that continued to this day. 
As to how many Armenian sounding high placed officials from Akhalkalak, Lori, and  Artsakh, at the expense of the day by day dying forests, became millionaires, multimillionaires (of course in dollar and euro), let that remain on their conscience because I am not convinced that they should be punished.  I would only advise these people that, at the expense of the annihilation of the country’s nature and filling up their guts with money, not to give speeches about “ selfless dedication”, of “United Armenia” and things like that.
Sixty (60) years are needed to have a viable forest that is self-sustaining. For the country to be deemed to be a normal expanse, 50 (fifty) percent of the country must be forested. Our neighbor Georgia is 37% forested.
Of course, Prime Minister Pashinyan is right when he prevented the cutting down of the forests. Of course, those who raised their voices objecting were political partisans or were naïve…
Courtesy Raffi Doudaklian
Preventing (cutting down) is vital because according to official sources eight percent of our country is forested, as I said, it is devoid of being self-sustaining. However before preventing (cutting trees), first and foremost, it is important to organize the importation of timber. Winter is ahead of us and many families warm their houses by burning wood.
According to an official document from the Armenian Tree Project Jeff Masarjian: “today (that is to say in 2008 V. B.) when only 8% of Armenia has remained covered with forest and every year around 5,000 hectares is being deforested”. And according to Dr. George Nersesyan (see note 3) (դոկտօրՋօրջ ներսեսյանի) “if the deforestation continues for another twenty years, Armenia will become completely deforested”.  Dr. George Nesesyan is the coordinator of UNDP (United Nations Development Programme).
Ten years have passed since the declaration of Dr. George Nersesyan. It is entirely possible that there will not be forested covering in Armenia (in another 10 years). But already there is hardly any forest left in Armenia because a forest is a living entity; it is not only many trees. It is a living body that has already been dismembered and we are now dealing with the dismembered parts, not the organism itself.
p.s. Some sources claim that during the days of   Robert Kocharian and Serzh Sargsyan, Armenia exported timber to Iran and Germany. 
Varujan Pambukhchyan
August 8, 2019
Nor Yerznka (is a town in the Kotayk Province of Armenia)

Notes: 

1.Hajareni (Հաճարենի), (beech) is a deciduous native tree in Armenia. It grows 40 to 50 meters tall and 1.5 to 2 meters in trunk perimeter. It lives for more than 400 years. it is one of the trees that dominate the forestry in Armenia and is found mostly Lori, Tavush and rarely in Kotyak and Syunik. 

2. Gaghni (Կաղնի) (oak). There are many varieties in Armenia. It is found in Lori, Kotyak, Tavush, Gegharkunik, Vayots, Syunik and other districts. It grows 40 to 50 meters tall, ceasing to grow taller after its 80th year, henceforth its branches. it lives 500-600 years at a time over 1000 years. The tree has come to symbolize strength and longevity.

3. The only professional forester that worked with the Armenia Tree Project has been Dr. George Nercessian (from British Columbia). We worked together in 2002-2003. (Antoine S. Terjanian)

***

Բնագիրը՝ «Հայաստանն անտառազորկ յէրկիր է» կցուած է ներքեւը. 

Կից ներկայացնում եմ Վարուժան Փամբուխչյանի՝ ֆեյսբուքյան իր էջում կատարած գրառման իմ կրճատ թարգմանությունը։ Վարուժանը բնիկ հայաստանցի է և ունի իր ուրույն յուրահատուկ շարադրանքն ու շարադրանքը, որը դժվար է թարգմանել այն՝ փորձելով հավատարիմ մնալ իր հստակ բնագրին, այդ իսկ պատճառով ես կցեցի բնօրինակը նրա հայերեն գրելաոճով: Ես հանդիպեցի և ընկերացա Վարուժանի հետ սոցցանցերում և տարիների ընթացքում նրան ճանաչեցի որպես մի մարդու, ով ամբողջ սրտով նվիրված է Հայաստանին: Ցավոք, նա անսպասելիորեն մահացավ 2022 թվականի հունվարի 15-ին: Կցվեց իր տարբեր հետաքրքրությունների և գրելու ոճի մի ակնարկ: Վահէ Յ Աբէլեան


Հայաստանն անտառազորկ յէրկիրէ...
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Ըստ <<Հայաստանի ծառատոնկ>> առաքէլոթյան տնօ
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Դօկտօ
րՆէրսէսյանի հայտարարոթյոնից հէտօ անցէլ է տաս տարի: Դէ՛ ինչ, բան չմնաց, մի տաս տարի հէտօ, լիօւին հնարաւօրէ, ւօրՀայաստանոմ անտառաԾԱԾԿՈՅԹ չլինի: Բայց արդէն այժմ Հայաստանոմ անտառնէրգրէթէ գօյոթյոն չոնէն, քանզի անտառը կէնդանի մարմին է յէւ սօսկ ծառէրի թւաքանակ չէ, կենդանի մարմին, ւօրն արդէն քառատւէլ է...
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Հ. Գ-2 Ի դէպ՝ ըստ ւօրօշ աղբյորնէրի <<քաղբանտարկյալ>> Ռ. Քօչարյանի յէւ առայժմ <<ւօչքաղբանտարկյալ>> Ս. Սարգսյանի օրօք Հայաստանից անտառափայտ էրարտահանւոմ Իրան ո Գէրմանիա:
Վ. Փ.
05.08.19
Նօ
րՅէրզնկա



Friday, April 12, 2024

The first student protest

Vahe H. Apelian

I leave it to historians to negate me. In my view the first  Armenian students' public protest against the Turks took place on April 6, 1970 in the American University of Beirut. Attached is my recollection of the protest. I and my classmate Movses Hovsepian who would become my brother-in-law, appear in the  attached picture that appeared on the front page of the  Aztag Daily the following day.

April 6, 1970 marks the date that I, along many other Armenian students, participated in our first ever protest against Turkey over an exhibit that was organized by the Turkish Embassy to take place in the West Hall building located in the center of the American University of Beirut campus. The timing of the exhibit in the month of April, when we commemorate the genocide, could not have been coincidental. The exhibit would have highlighted Turkish culture.

To be fair to the University authorities, I would like to note that they had allowed the Armenians organize an exhibit commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Armenian Genocide in 1965 in the same West Hall building, five years before the Turkish exhibit.

The protest was spearheaded by the student members of the A.R.F. Zavarian Student Association, arguably the oldest university or college level Armenian student association in the Diaspora. Simon Zavarian had founded the student association in 1904 during his field trip to the Armenian communities in greater Cilicia. Lebanon was part of the Ottoman Empire then. Some of the members of this student association were martyred during the Genocide. Years later the student association was renamed after its founder who was also a founder of the A.R.F.

The Zavarian Student Association enjoyed a privileged status within the A.R.F. hierarchy. While other bodies needed to have a certain number of members to attain a similar status, the Zavarian Student Association was exempt from such requirement. Consequently, the organizers of the protest reported to their superiors of their intention. The latter’s response became akin to what Khrimian Hayrig had told those who wanted to abide by the wishes of the young poet Bedros Tourian and have him buried with a music band playing during the funeral procession, contrary to the accepted norms and hence the church had not given them permission. In desperation they appealed to the Patriarch Khrimian Hayrig, who famously told them that he too will not give them his permission but will forgive them for doing so. So was the case this time around. The party higher ups did not give their explicit permission but would not reprimand the students for doing so.  It later became evident, without telling the student organizers, the ARF leadership had provided security should the demonstrating students would be mishandled by unlawful elements.

As the date of the opening of the exhibit on April 6 approached, the student members of the Zavarian Sutdent Association had a flyer distributed. I have kept one flyer all these years having it cross with me oceans and continents. It is posted below. The language appears to be confrontational. It forewarns that unspecified “serious consequences might ensue” should the Turkish exhibit take place as planned.

 

The opening of the exhibit was planned in the afternoon of April 6, 1970. Checking the date revealed that it was Monday. That very afternoon the Armenian students started heading towards the West Hall and were directed to sit next to each other on the stairways leading to the building. As the attached picture of the front page of the next day’s “Aztag” Daily shows, the students sat tight next to each other. The circle on the picture depicts me and my friend and classmate Movses Hovsepian, who would be my brother-in-law. Some of the students carried banners. Dignitaries started coming for the opening of the exhibit but they encountered the students barricading the building entrance with their sit-in and hence could not enter. To the credit of the University authorities, they did not call police or have university’s security to dispel the students. The Turkish exhibit thus could not take place. The next day, the “Aztag” Daily heralded that 500 Armenian students had foiled a Turkish exhibit by peaceful demonstration, (see the attached April 7,1970 front page of the “Aztag” daily).

Fifty years have come and gone by since that day. Those young and restless Armenian students are now parents, grandparents and surely have mellowed a bit and are “wiser”, if age ever imparted wisdom. Some have left this world for good such as my brother-in-law Movses. Most if not all surely remember the event, much like I do, as a watershed moment in their lives.  First experiences remain entrenched in our memories for good. They now watch a new generation of students carrying the torch. 



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